An annual grass with a fibrous root. It produces a hollow, jointed stem, 1-4- feet tall. The leaves are rather rough, pale green, narrow and flat. The flowers are arranged in a loose terminal panicle, consisting of 2-flowered spikelets, 1 inch long. The hairy, grooved grain is narrow, with almost parallel sides. It is widely cultivated throughout the world.

The grain is used for its nutritional value. Rolled oats for oatmeal, and in diets for convalescents and other illnesses. A fine oatmeal is used for a body rub and a wash for dry skin. It is a antispasmodic, nervine, and stimulant. Oat extract and tincture is useful as nerve and uterine tonics. A decoction of the ripe plant treats depression, estrogen deficiency, and shingles. A tea from oat straw is used for chest problems, and in baths, that help many ailments. Boil small pieces of oat straw in water, 1 hour and strain.